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Category: Articles
Hifisonix ‘Symphony’ Line Preamplifier
I designed and built this preamplifier while living in Taiwan a few years ago. The Symphony preamp features Baxandall tone controls, up to 7 inputs, a class A 2 W headphone amplifier and a Goldpoint 24 position attenuator. The write-up describes the design process and choices in some detail and my listening impressions: Part 1…
Ovation e-Amp: A 180 Watt Class AB VFA Featuring Ultra Low Distortion
The e-Amp is a 180 Watt RMS (very conservatively rated into 8 Ω ) fully balanced symmetrical (‘FBS’) amplifier featuring an emitter follower triple (EFT) bipolar output stage and beta enhanced VAS stage. The amplifier can be configured using jumpers for TMC (Transitional Miller Compensation) or straight Miller compensation (MC). The VAS can be lightly…
Disc Recording Equalization Demystified by Gary A. Gallo
Pictured: A Neumann Cutting Lathe used to make the record master. Picture courtesy of Bakery Mastering This is one of the best non-mathematical introductions to the RIAA disc recording playback chain written. Gallo worked at the Crane School of Music in New York for 30 years as an audio engineer, where he also received a…
Ovation 250 Power Amplifier
The Ovation 250: A 250W per Channel Audio Power Amplifier (updated 1st June 2013). This amplifier was designed and built in 2005/2006 as my first foray back into audio design after a nearly 20-year hiatus, This write-up was originally published in 2009 when I was living in Tokyo, Japan. Introduction Diy Audio is a wonderful activity:- …
CFA vs. VFA: A Short Primer For the Uninitiated
This article was written in 2014 in response to what can only be described as a vitriolic debate as to what constituted a CFA on diyAudio.com. At the time, many of the participants were struggling to grasp the fundamental differences between VFA’s and CFA’s, and even how to tell them apart. So, this document is…
Audio Power Amplifier Design – Peter J Baxandall
In this 6 part series of articles published from January 1978 in the now defunct Wireless World magazine, Peter Baxandall takes the reader through some of the fundamentals of audio amplifier design as they were understood at the time. Baxandall_Audio Power Amplifier Design In 1978 there was still much discussion about feedback and how to…
Douglas Self’s 8 Distortions and a Few More
(pictured above is the hifisonix 180 Watt per channel e-Amp) No one had codified all the major audio amplifier distortion mechanisms until Douglas Self published the first edition of his ‘Audio Power Amplifier Design Handbook’ or APAD’ as it has become known, in 1996. He used a standard Lin* topology amplifier and then proceeded to…
The Theory of TIM – Matti Otala
Matti Otala follows up on earlier research on the subject of TIM. The Theory of TIM Matti Otala
Some Ideas on Temperature Compensation for Audio Amplifier EF Triples
Temperature compensating an EF3 audio power amplifier output stage is not a trifling task. There are 6 Vbe junctions, running at 3 different current densities, different temperatures and neither is the thermal performance of the heatsink assembly characterized in most DIY cases. This makes deploying a conventional 2 transistor Vbe spreader (or Vbe multiplier as…
Review of Bob Cordell’s Book ‘Designing Audio Power Amplifiers’
‘Designing Audio Power Amplifiers’ by Bob Cordell – Reviewed by Andrew C. Russell in 2011 Bob Cordell (on the right) pictured with Jan Didden, publisher of ‘Linear Audio’ After a 15 year hiatus from electronics, I returned in 2005 to linear design not as a professional but as a hobbyist. Earlier in my career, I…