RIAA Equalizer Amplifier Design

This article explores the fundamental’s of phono amplifier design,  culminating in a few practical designs. Special emphasis is placed on overload margins (critical if you want good sonics from your EQ amp), driving the EQ network adequately and noise. RIAA Equalization Amplifiers V2.0 Below is the RIAA Calculator Excel spread sheet.  Please read the article above, […]

Read more →

Technical Requirements of Phono Preamplifiers by Tomlinson Holman

The two articles below were written in the 1970’s, nearly a decade before the arrival of the CD and the ‘perfect sound forever’ claim made by Philips. There was a lot of focus on phono amplifier performance at the time which it could be argued was triggered by the arrival of very high performance turntables […]

Read more →

Richard Lee’s Ultra-Low Noise MC Head Amp

This design was a development of Marshall Leach’s MC head-amp from the 1970’s and to my knowledge, Richard Lee’s implementation presented here has not been bested in terms of noise – about 280pV/rt Hz in a well implemented exemplar. Importantly, it requires only about 12mA current in the +-15V rail powered version, and about a […]

Read more →

Disc Recording Equalization Demystified by Gary A. Gallo

Pictured: A Neumann Cutting Lathe used to make the record master. Picture courtesy of Bakery Mastering This is one of the best non-mathematical introductions to the RIAA disc recording playback chain written. Gallo worked at the Crane School of Music in New York for 30 years as an audio engineer, where he also received a […]

Read more →